{"id":6608,"date":"2026-04-28T09:41:45","date_gmt":"2026-04-28T09:41:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.paytmmoney.com\/blog\/?p=6608"},"modified":"2026-04-28T09:41:45","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T09:41:45","slug":"interest-rates-impact-short-term-long-term-mtf-trades","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.paytmmoney.com\/blog\/interest-rates-impact-short-term-long-term-mtf-trades\/","title":{"rendered":"How Low Interest Rates Give You an Edge in Short-Term vs Long-Term MTF Trades"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Every trader knows the frustration of spotting a perfect setup but lacking the liquidity to go big. This is where Margin Trading Facility (Pay Later-MTF) changes the game\u2014it\u2019s essentially a bridge between the capital you have and the opportunity you see. It helps you take upto 4 times bigger trades by only deploying a fraction of the traded value and seize the opportunity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When using MTF, traders sometimes overlook a silent variable in their P&amp;L: The Interest Rate.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In a world where the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) frequently recalibrates monetary policy, interest isn&#8217;t just a fee\u2014it\u2019s the &#8220;cost of time.&#8221; Whether you are a swing trader or a positional investor, the interest rate dictates your breakeven point and, ultimately, your exit strategy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At Paytm Money, we believe that leverage should be a tool for growth, not a weight on your returns. In this guide, we\u2019ll break down exactly how fluctuating rates impact your trades and why choosing the right MTF partner is the most important &#8220;trade&#8221; you\u2019ll make this year.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Understanding the Mechanics of Pay Later-MTF Interest Rates<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you trade with Pay Later-MTF on a platform like Paytm Money, you are essentially taking a short-term loan backed by the stocks you\u2019re buying. The broker charges an annualized interest rate on the funded amount. This interest is usually calculated on a daily basis and applied to your ledger.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The interest rate charged by your broker is heavily influenced by the prevailing macroeconomic conditions, specifically the repo rate set by the RBI. When inflation rises, the central bank increases the repo rate to cool down the economy, which in turn increases the cost of funds for banks and brokers. Consequently, the MTF interest rate passed on to the retail trader also increases. Conversely, in a low-interest-rate environment, borrowing becomes cheaper, making leveraged trades more attractive.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, this is a less frequent process and any rate change is advertised in advance.<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 15px; border-radius: 5px;\">\n<p><strong>Repo Rate:<\/strong> The rate at which the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) lends money to commercial banks in the event of any shortfall of funds. It is the benchmark interest rate that influences all other borrowing costs in the economy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Leveraged Trades:<\/strong> Trading with borrowed capital (leverage), like with MTF, to increase the potential return of an investment.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2><b>The Impact of Interest Rates on Short-Term MTF Trades<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Short-term MTF trading typically involves holding positions for a few days to a few weeks. Traders utilizing this strategy are usually capitalizing on momentum, earnings breakouts, or technical chart patterns.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For short-term traders, the absolute impact of interest rates is relatively minimal on a per-trade basis. Because the holding period is brief, the total interest accrued over 5 to 15 days is often a tiny fraction of the overall transaction value.<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 15px; border-radius: 5px;\">\n<p><strong>Momentum Trading:<\/strong> A strategy where traders buy stocks that are moving up and sell them when they look to have peaked, capitalizing on the continuing trend.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2><b>The Impact of Interest Rates on Long-Term MTF Trades<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Long-term MTF trades (often referred to as positional trades) involve holding a leveraged stock for several months. Traders use this approach when they have strong fundamental conviction in a company&#8217;s long-term growth story but lack the immediate capital to maximize their position size.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here, high interest rates can play a massive, sometimes destructive, role. Time is the enemy of a leveraged long-term trade. The longer you hold the position, the more interest accrues, steadily eating into your potential profit margins.<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 15px; border-radius: 5px;\">\n<p><strong>Positional Trade:<\/strong> A trading strategy where an investor holds a security for a long period, typically months or years, ignoring minor short-term market fluctuations.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2><b>Short-Term vs. Long-Term MTF: A Comparative Analysis<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To summarize the differences, here is how interest rates dictate the viability of your trading timeline:<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-table\" style=\"display: block; width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; border: 1px solid #000000; margin-bottom: 5px;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 900px; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: left; font-weight: bold; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff; width: 20%;\">Parameter<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: left; font-weight: bold; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff;\">Short-Term MTF<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: left; font-weight: bold; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff;\">Long-Term MTF<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-weight: bold;\">Sensitivity to Rate Hikes<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">Relatively insulated from immediate rate hikes as exposure duration is low.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">Highly sensitive to rate hikes due to cumulative interest cost over time.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-weight: bold;\">Breakeven Speed<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">Depends on quick price movements (volatility) to cover daily interest cost.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">Requires sustained, high-percentage growth to outpace annualized interest.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-weight: bold;\">Market Environment Suitability<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">Can work in both high and low interest rate environments with strict entry\/exit discipline.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">Discouraged in high interest rate environments unless there is strong undervaluation with significant upside.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"md:hidden lg:hidden xl:hidden\" style=\"text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 13px; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">\u2190 Swipe horizontally to view full MTF analysis \u2192<\/div>\n<style>\n@media screen and (min-width: 768px) {<br \/>    .md\\:hidden {<br \/>        display: none !important;<br \/>    }<br \/>}<br \/><\/style>\n<h2><b>Why Paytm Money\u2019s Low Interest Rates Change the Game<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When evaluating short-term versus long-term MTF trades, the interest rate is the central pivot around which your profitability revolves. This is exactly where Paytm Money provides a distinct advantage. By offering one of the most competitive MTF interest rates in the industry\u2014starting at just 7.99% p.a. for funding up to \u20b91 Lakh\u2014traders gain an edge across both trading timeframes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To truly understand how a lower rate alters your strategy, let us compare a standard rate of 12% p.a. against Paytm Money\u2019s 7.99% p.a. to see how this translates into a real-world scenario for a 90-day holding period.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Scenario Comparison: 90-Day Holding Period<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assume you identify a medium-term setup and want to hold a leveraged position for a quarter <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(90 days).<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-table\" style=\"width: 100%; border: 1px solid #000000; margin-bottom: 20px;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom: 2px solid #000000;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: left; font-weight: bold; background-color: #ffffff; width: 30%;\">Trading Parameter<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: right; font-weight: bold; background-color: #ffffff;\">Standard Broker<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: right; font-weight: bold; background-color: #ffffff;\">Paytm Money<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-weight: bold;\">Total Trade Value<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: right;\">\u20b910,000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: right;\">\u20b910,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-weight: bold;\">Your Cash Margin (25%)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: right;\">\u20b92,500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: right;\">\u20b92,500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-weight: bold;\">Funded Amount (Borrowed)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: right;\">\u20b97,500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: right;\">\u20b97,500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-weight: bold;\">Applicable MTF Interest Rate<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: right;\">12% p.a.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: right;\">7.99% p.a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-weight: bold;\">Approx. Daily Interest<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: right;\">\u20b92.46<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: right;\">\u20b91.64<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-weight: bold; background-color: #f9f9f9;\">Total Interest for 90 Days<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: right; background-color: #f9f9f9;\">~\u20b9221.4<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; text-align: right; background-color: #f9f9f9;\">~\u20b9147.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> Calculations are approximate and exclude brokerage and standard statutory taxes.<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>How This 7.99% Rate Amplifies Your Strategy<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Drastically Lowering the Breakeven Point:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Because your expenses are exceptionally low, your breakeven point is achieved much faster, and any subsequent upward movement converts directly into pure net profit.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Extended Holding Power for Positional Trades:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> For long-term MTF traders, time is money. If market volatility causes your selected stock to consolidate for weeks before finally breaking out, a 12% or 15% interest rate heavily penalizes you for waiting. Paytm Money\u2019s 7.99% rate effectively buys you the breathing room required to let your investment thesis fully play out without the crushing pressure of high carrying costs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Maximum Efficiency for Retail Leverage:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Because the 7.99% preferential slab caters specifically to the \u20b90 to \u20b91 Lakh funding range (with highly competitive rates for larger slabs as well), retail traders can experiment with MTF cost-effectively. It allows you to build a tactical, leveraged &#8220;satellite portfolio&#8221; alongside your core long-term investments without exorbitant fees draining your account.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Strategies for Managing Interest Rate Risks in MTF<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At Paytm Money, we encourage responsible trading. Whether you are executing short or long-term MTF trades, managing your interest rate risk is paramount.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Strict Stop-Losses:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Never let a short-term swing trade turn into a long-term investment just because the stock went against you. The compounding interest will compound your losses. Always maintain a strict stop-loss.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Factor in Dividend Yields:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> For long-term MTF trades, look for stocks with high dividend yields. The dividends received can help offset the interest paid on the borrowed amount.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Monitor Macro Policies:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Keep a close eye on RBI Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meetings. Anticipating rate hikes can help you exit leveraged long-term positions before your cost of carry increases.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Optimal Margin Utilization:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Do not exhaust your entire capital. Keep a buffer to handle potential margin calls during market corrections so you aren&#8217;t forced to liquidate at a loss.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #000; padding: 15px; border-radius: 5px;\">\n<p><strong>Stop-Loss:<\/strong> An advance order placed with a broker to sell a stock when it reaches a specific price, designed to limit an investor&#8217;s loss on a security position.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Margin Call:<\/strong> A demand by a broker that an investor deposit further cash or securities to cover possible losses when the account value falls below a required minimum.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Margin Trading Facility is a double-edged sword that can magnify both your profits and your losses. While it is an excellent feature provided by brokers like Paytm Money to help you seize market opportunities, the invisible cost of interest rates cannot be ignored. Short-term traders can generally maneuver through varying interest rate environments by relying on speed and momentum. Long-term traders, however, must be incredibly cautious; a high-interest rate can silently erode months of capital gains. By understanding these dynamics and implementing strict risk management, you can wield MTF effectively to achieve your financial goals.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><b><i>Disclaimer:<\/i><\/b><i>\u00a0Investment in securities market is subject to market risks. Read all the related documents carefully before investing. This content is purely for information purpose only and in no way is to be considered as an advice or recommendation. The securities are quoted as an example and not as a recommendation. Investors are requested to do their own due diligence before investing.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><i>SEBI Reg No.: Broking \u2013 INZ000240532, Research Analyst \u2013 INH000020086, Depository Participant \u2013 IN-DP-416-2019, Depository Participant Number: CDSL \u2013 12088800, NSE (90165), BSE (6707), MCX (57525), NCDEX (1315), MSEI (85300).<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><i>Registered Office: 136, 1st Floor, Devika Tower, Nehru Place, Delhi \u2013 110019.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><i>For complete Disclaimers, visit<\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.paytmmoney.com\/\">\u00a0<i>https:\/\/www.paytmmoney.com<\/i><\/a><i>.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-heading-11\">FAQs<\/h2>\n<div style=\"max-width: 100%; margin: 20px 0; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">\n<style>\n        \/* Hides default browser arrow\/triangle for a clean professional look *\/<br \/>        summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }<br \/>        summary { list-style: none; outline: none; }<br \/>    <\/style>\n<details style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0; padding: 15px 0; cursor: pointer;\">\n<summary style=\"display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; width: 100%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 600; color: #1a202c; font-size: 18px; text-align: left;\">1. Is MTF interest calculated daily or monthly?<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 24px; color: #007bff; margin-left: 10px;\">+<\/span><\/summary>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 10px; color: #4a5568; line-height: 1.6; text-align: left;\">Interest on MTF is typically calculated on a daily basis based on the end-of-day borrowed ledger balance. However, the actual deduction or billing to your account usually happens on a monthly or fortnightly schedule, depending on the broker&#8217;s specific policies.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0; padding: 15px 0; cursor: pointer;\">\n<summary style=\"display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; width: 100%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 600; color: #1a202c; font-size: 18px; text-align: left;\">2. Can the broker change the MTF interest rate?<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 24px; color: #007bff; margin-left: 10px;\">+<\/span><\/summary>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 10px; color: #4a5568; line-height: 1.6; text-align: left;\">Yes. MTF interest rates are generally floating and linked to broader market borrowing costs. If the RBI changes the repo rate or if market conditions shift, your broker may revise the MTF interest rates upwards or downwards for both existing and new positions.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0; padding: 15px 0; cursor: pointer;\">\n<summary style=\"display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; width: 100%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 600; color: #1a202c; font-size: 18px; text-align: left;\">3. Does Paytm Money offer MTF for all stocks?<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 24px; color: #007bff; margin-left: 10px;\">+<\/span><\/summary>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 10px; color: #4a5568; line-height: 1.6; text-align: left;\">No, MTF is not available for all listed companies due to regulatory and risk-management guidelines. However, Paytm Money offers MTF on over 1400+ stocks, covering a vast majority of fundamentally strong and liquid companies.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0; padding: 15px 0; cursor: pointer;\">\n<summary style=\"display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; width: 100%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 600; color: #1a202c; font-size: 18px; text-align: left;\">4. How can I avoid paying high MTF interest?<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 24px; color: #007bff; margin-left: 10px;\">+<\/span><\/summary>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 10px; color: #4a5568; line-height: 1.6; text-align: left;\">To reduce interest costs, you can bring in your own funds to clear the negative ledger balance, effectively converting the trade to standard delivery. Alternatively, switching to a broker with competitive low rates, like Paytm Money, can significantly lower your daily interest burden.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Every trader knows the frustration of spotting a perfect setup but lacking the liquidity to go big. This is where Margin Trading Facility (Pay Later-MTF) changes the game\u2014it\u2019s essentially a bridge between the capital you have and the opportunity you see. It helps you take upto 4 times bigger trades by only deploying a fraction<a href=\"https:\/\/www.paytmmoney.com\/blog\/interest-rates-impact-short-term-long-term-mtf-trades\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"sr-only\">&#8220;How Low Interest Rates Give You an Edge in Short-Term vs Long-Term MTF Trades&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":6610,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[342],"tags":[1532,521,1531,832,1534,1533,1299],"class_list":["post-6608","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mtf-blog","tag-impact-of-interest-rates-on-stocks","tag-margin-trading-facility","tag-mtf-trading","tag-paytm-money-mtf","tag-repo-rate-impact-on-trading","tag-short-term-vs-long-term-mtf","tag-stock-market-leverage"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.paytmmoney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6608","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.paytmmoney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.paytmmoney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.paytmmoney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/53"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.paytmmoney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6608"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.paytmmoney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6608\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.paytmmoney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6610"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.paytmmoney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6608"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.paytmmoney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6608"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.paytmmoney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6608"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}